Page 9 - Code Craft Computer-8

Peer-to-Peer Network (P2P)

It is a network where a few computers of similar power and capacity are
connected together. There are no exclusive servers or clients in this
network. Each computer can act as a server as well as a client.

TRANSMISSION MEDIA

Transmission media means the physical material that is used to transmit data between computers.
Transmission media can be classified into the following categories:

Transmission
Media

Wired Transmission Wireless Transmission
Media Media

Wired Transmission Media

This type of transmission includes cables or wires to transmit information from source to
destination. The wire may be made up of copper, any other metal or glass fibre. It includes
electrical and light signals to flow in these wires. These cables are very sensitive to noise and this
degrades the signal which is also called attenuation.

There are various types of cables that can be used for setting up a network. Some of them are as
follows:

Twisted Pair Cable: Twisted Pair Cables were invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1881. It is
the most widely used medium for telecommunication, and consists of copper wires that are
twisted into pairs. Ordinary telephone wires consist of two insulated copper wires twisted into
pairs. Computer networking cables consist of four pairs of copper cabling that can be utilized for
both voice and data transmission.

Twisted pair cables are of two types Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) and Unshielded Twisted Pair
(UTP). UTP cable is the most commonly used cable in computer networking.

Coaxial Cable: Coaxial Cable was invented by an English engineer and
mathematician, Oliver Heaviside, in 1880. The cable consists of a copper
or aluminium wire wrapped with an insulating layer of a flexible material.
The insulating layer is surrounded by a conductive layer called shield,

which is finally covered with a thin insulating layer on the outside.

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