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Know Your Scientist
              Dr. Kamal Ranadive (1917–2001) was a pioneering biomedical researcher. She studied how hormones and
              certain viruses are linked to cancer, helping improve its treatment and prevention. Her work also showed how
              tobacco, diet, and pollution can raise the risk of cancer, highlighting the importance of a healthy lifestyle.

            Grasp-Up
             Health: A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not just the absence of disease.
             Symptoms: Sensa ons or feelings experienced by a person indica ng illness (e.g., pain,  redness).
             Signs: Observable or measurable changes in the body seen by others (e.g., fever, rashes).
             Communicable Diseases: Diseases caused by pathogens that can spread from one person to another.
             Non-communicable Diseases (NCDs): Diseases that do not spread between people, o en caused by lifestyle or
             environment.
             Pathogens: Tiny organisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi, or worms that cause diseases.
             Immunity: The body's natural ability of fight diseases and infec ons.
             Vaccine: A substance that trains the immune system to fight specific diseases safely.
             An bio cs: Medicines used to treat bacterial infec ons.


            Points to Reflect

             •  Health means complete, physical, mental, and Social well-being, not just a the absence of discase.
             •  A balanced diet, exercise, hygiene, and positive habits are essential for good health.
             •  Diseases can be communicable or non- Communicable based on how they spread or develop.
             •  Communicable  diseases  spread  through  germs,  while  non-communicable  ones  arise  from  lifestyle  or
                 genetics.

             •  Maintaining cleanliness, vaccination, and healthy habits help prevent illnesses.
             •  Traditional systems like Agurveda, Siddha, and Unani promote national healing and overall wellness.




                                                   NCERT Textbook Questions (Solved)

            Let Us Enhance Our Learning


              1.   Group the diseases shown in the images as communicable or non-communicable.











                    Cold and flu            Typhoid              Diabetes             Asthma           Chickenpox

              Ans.  Communicable Diseases:
                   •   Cold and Flu               •   Typhoid Chickenpox
                   Non-communicable Diseases
                   •   Diabetes                   •   Asthma



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