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goods, domestic animals and vehicles etc to safer places.

• Avoid driving on roads through standing water, as floods may damage
the roads.
• Keep ready the phone numbers of all emergency services like police,

fire brigade and medical centres.

Precautions to be taken when you are in a cyclone hit area
• Do not drink water available from local sources. It might have got
contaminated. Drink safe water.

• Do not touch any electrical wire/switch etc.
• Cooperate with your neighbours and help them.

Advanced Technology for Cyclone Fore- casting and Warning

The Indian Meteorological centre is now using advanced technology by
making use of satellites and radars for cyclone forecasting and warning.
Science Cyclone warnings are given through a variety of communication media
Bytes
such as radio, television, newspapers, police, wireless network.
Testimony
TMD succeed in The cyclone warnings are issued in two stages.
preparing radar 1. The first stage warning known as ‘cyclone alert’ or ‘cyclone watch’ is
composite which enables
forecasters to track, issued 48 hours in advance of any expected storm or cyclone.
watch, warn severe 2. The second stage warning known as ‘cyclone warning’ is issued 24
weather and forecast
rainfall from tropical hours in advance. This gives sufficient time to people to evacuate the
cyclones successfully. cyclone prone area. The message of ‘cyclone warning’ is broadcasted
every hour or half an hour when a cyclone is nearer the coast.
Several national and international organisations cooperate to monitor

the cyclone related disasters.

Know Your Scientist
Dr. Anna Mani was one of India's pioneering meteorologists and physicists. She worked with the India
Meteorological Department (IMD) and played a key role in developing accurate weather instruments such as
barometers, anemometers, and wind vanes used across the country. Her research on atmospheric pressure,
solar radiation and wind patterns helped India improve weather forecasting and study renewable energy
sources. She is often called the Weather Woman of India.

Grasp-Up

Atmosphere: The layer of gases that surrounds earth and supports life by regula ng temperature and filtering
harmful radia on.
Troposphere: The lowest layer of the atmosphere where weather occurs and where most clouds form.
Air pressure: The force exerted by the weight of air on a surface; it acts in all direc ons.
Wind: Movement of air from a region of higher pressure to a region of lower pressure.

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