Page 182 - Innovator's Science-8

2. Organisms that make their own food are called ___________ .
3. The process by which fungi break down dead matter is called ___________ .

4. A ___________ shows how energy flows from one organism to another.
5. In an ecosystem, different organisms interact with both _________ and __________ components.

C. State whether the given statements are True (T) or False (F). Problem Solving Skills
1. A food web includes only one food chain.

2. Decomposers help recycle nutrients in nature.
3. Sunlight and air are examples of biotic components.
4. Overfishing can disturb the balance of an ecosystem.
5. Herbivores eat both plants and animals.

D. Short answer type questions. Decision-making Skills

1. What is a community in an ecosystem?
2. Name one example of a decomposer.
3. What do herbivores eat?
4. Which organism starts most food chains?

5. What is pollination?
Critical Thinking Skills
E. Long answer type questions.
1. What are the main differences between producers, consumers, and decomposers?
2. How do biotic and abiotic components depend on each other in an ecosystem?
3. Explain one example of each: mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism.

4. Explain how a small change in the environment can affect the entire ecosystem, using the pond
example from the chapter.
5. Describe the importance of sustainable farming and how traditional knowledge like
Vrikshayurveda supports it.

Project Ideas Exploration

• Intendew a farmer or gardener. Ask about pest control methods and effects on soil and crop yield.

Life Skills Inference

• Choose a local ecosystem (e.g., garden or pond) Draw a food web with arrows and pictures.

• Demonstrate decomposi on by making compost using kitchen waste, leaves, etc.

Enhance your Life Skills Mental Development

• "Save the Ecosystem": Make a crea ve poster on how to protect natural habitats and promote
biodiversity.

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