Page 177 - Innovator's Science-8

Some of these include:

• Loss of soil fertility
• Decreased numbers of helpful soil organisms like earthworms
• Water pollution due to chemical runoff

• Reduced biodiversity
• Pollimators like bees being harmed

• Pests becoming resistant to pesticides
Many scientists argue that growing only one type of crop (monoculture)

and relying heavily on synthetic chemicals is not sustainable for the future.
These practices not only harm the soil and environment, but also affect
human health.

In a healthy ecosystem, natural predators (like beetles and birds) help
control pest populations. But when pesticides are overused:

• These predators get killed
• Pests increase

• Farmers end up needing even more pesticides
Also, ploughing the land too often and using too much irrigation disturbs

helpful soil organisms and causes erosion.
Healthy farms need healthy soil, water, and biodiversity.

Activity-9 Aim: To Survey a Farm
Try visiting a nearby farm or talking to farmers in your area. Ask questions like:
Experiential Learning
• How has your farming changed over the years?
• What do you use for fer lisers and pest control?

• Have you seen any changes in soil or water quality?
• Do you reuse or recycle any farm materials?
• Use your findings to write a short report!

Some farmers are now turning to organic and natural farming. These
methods avoid synthetic chemicals and try to work with nature, not against
it. They:

• Use natural compost instead of chemical fertilisers
• Encourage crop rotation and intercropping

• Protect helpful insects and soil organisms
• Help preserve water and prevent pollution

These methods help protect the environment, keep our food healthy, and
ensure future generations have safe farmland.

177
Science-8