Page 34 - Innovator's Science-8

By understanding how diseases spread, we can take simple steps to protect
ourselves and others. Let us find out how these communicable diseases

spread and how we can prevent them.

Some common communicable diseases affecting humans

Diseases Causal agent Site of infec on Symptoms Preven ve Measures
Diseases spread through the air

Washing hands
Common Respiratory Nasal conges on and
cold and Virus discharge sore throat, frequently, not sharing
tract personal items, covering
influenza fever, cough, body ache
the mouth and nose

Complete isola on of the
Respiratory Mild fever, itchy skin, pa ent, covering the
Chickenpox Virus
tract, skin rashes, blisters mouth and nose,
vaccina on

Fever, sore throat, and Isola on of the pa ent,
Skin, reddish rashes on the covering the mouth and
Measles Virus respiratory
neck, ears and other nose, maintaining good
tract
parts of the skin hygiene, vaccina on

Avoiding close contact
with TB-infected people,
Cough, fever, fa gue,
Tuberculosis Lungs covering the mouth and
Bacteria loss of appe te, night
(TB) nose, maintaining good
sweats
hygiene, ge ng
vaccinated

Diseases spread through contaminated water and food
Diseases Causal agent Site of infec on Symptoms Preven ve Measures
Diseases spread through the air

Fa gue, fever, loss of
appe te, nausea,
Hepa s Drinking boiled water,
Virus Liver vomi ng, jaundice,
A vaccina on
pain in the upper right
abdomen
Maintain personal
hygiene and good
Diarrhoea and
Cholera Bacteria Intes ne sanitary habits,
dehydra on
consump on of properly
cooked food and boiled
drinking water,
vaccina on

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Science-8